Facts and Figures on NGOs in India
Evolution of NGOs in India
Period
Activities
Pre Independence
Social welfare, Constructive work (inspired by Gandhian philosophy) very much in line with independence movement.
1950-1970
Social welfare, Govt. funded and managed NGO like Khadi Industries. India’s five year’s development plans came into existence, Most of the development works were rested with NGO’s .
1970-1990
Civil Society space started increasing from 70s, NGO’s started highlighting that why govt. programme not yielding positive results for poor and marginalized, presented new model for development with people’s participation. With this new model NGO’s covered vast program areas like education, primary health care, drinking water, sanitation, small irrigation, forest regeneration, tribal development, women’s development, child labour, pollution safety etc. later on many of these models were included in govt programme and policies.
1990-2005
GO-NGO partnership got a boost in this period; NGO focus is more on Self Help Groups, Micro Credit, Livelihood. NGO participation is ensured in policy formation and programme implementation.
(Sources: Discussion with Chinese Delegate, 7th June 2005 at PRIA)
However broadly NGOs are performing following roles:
1. Programming Planning and Implementation
2. Monitoring Govt Programme – impact of development programme, informing govt on such impact.
3. Policy Advocacy – Influencing govt policies so that development goals can be met effectively.
4. Capacity Building of Govt. Local Bodies, community on various sectoral and cross cutting themes.
Basic Facts on NGO
Total Number of NGO | 1.2 million |
Rural Based | 53% |
Urban Based | 47% |
Unregistered | 49.6% |
(Source: Invisible, Yet Widespread: The Non-Profit Sector In India,December 2002, PRIA)
Size
Category of staff | Percentage of NGOs |
One or less paid staff | 73.4 |
Between 2-5 | 13.3 |
Between 6-10 | 4.8 |
Above ten paid staff | 8.5 |
(Source: Invisible, Yet Widespread: The Non-Profit Sector In India, December 2002, PRIA)
Funding Mechanism In India
· All India estimates of total receipts of NPOs for 1999 – 2000 were Rs. 17922 crores (one crore equivalent to 10 million)
Sources of Funding in India
Sources | Percentage of Total Fund (app.) |
Local (peoples contribution and Corporate Contribution) | 80% |
Government | 13% |
International | 7% |
(Sources: Discussion with Chinese Delegate, 7th June 2005 at PRIA)
Types of Funding
Types | Percentage of Total Fund (app.) |
Self Generated | 51% |
Loans | 7.1% |
Grants | 29% |
Donations | 12.9% |
(Source: Invisible, Yet Widespread: The Non-Profit Sector In India, December 2002, PRIA)
Dominant activities in India
Type of Activities | Percentage of NGOs |
Religious | 26.5% |
Community/Social Service | 21.3% |
Education | 20.4% |
Sports/Culture | 17.9% |
Health | 6.6% |
Others | 7.5% |
(Source: Invisible, Yet Widespread: The Non-Profit Sector In India, December 2002, PRIA)